See initial on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "final"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Adjectifs en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en espagnol",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en ido",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en polonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en russe",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en same du Nord",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en tchèque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en vietnamien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"word": "initialement"
},
{
"word": "initialité"
},
{
"word": "situation initiale"
},
{
"word": "unité de fabrication initiale"
},
{
"word": "unité initiale"
},
{
"word": "vitesse initiale"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin initialis (« primitif, primordial »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiaux",
"ipas": [
"\\i.ni.sjo\\"
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"ipas": [
"\\i.ni.sjal\\"
],
"tags": [
"singular",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
"ipas": [
"\\i.ni.sjal\\"
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "Adjectif",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "L’entreprise fut compromise par une erreur initiale."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Qui est au commencement, qui marque le commencement d’une chose."
],
"id": "fr-initial-fr-adj-WEDMxKTq"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Albert Deshayes, Les noms de famille bretons, dans Revue française de Généalogie, N° spécial Noms de familles, 2e sem.2010, note page 47",
"text": "L'aphérèse est la chute de la lettre ou de la consonne initiale d'un mot. En anthroponymie, elle se montre au niveau de Abeuzen qui devient Beuzen, Abiven qui se réduit en Biven, Nicolas à Colas."
},
{
"text": "La lettre initiale d’un nom propre est toujours une majuscule."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Qualifie les lettres, les syllabes qui commencent un mot."
],
"id": "fr-initial-fr-adj-VgDK12ZY",
"tags": [
"especially"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Qualifie la lettre qui commence un livre, un chapitre ; elle est ordinairement plus grande que les majuscules du texte, et quelquefois accompagnée d’ornements."
],
"id": "fr-initial-fr-adj-owHLL3ab",
"raw_tags": [
"Calligraphie & Imprimerie"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français de la chasse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français de la mécanique",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français de la physique",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français du militaire",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "La vitesse initiale d’un obus, d'une balle, etc."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Qualifie la vitesse d’un mobile au commencement de sa course, par exemple d’un projectile au sortir de l’arme."
],
"id": "fr-initial-fr-adj-XoXSX~KP",
"tags": [
"physical"
],
"topics": [
"hunting",
"mechanical",
"military"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\i.ni.sjal\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\i.ni.sjal\\"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav",
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"translations": [
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"word": "komencala"
},
{
"lang": "Polonais",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "początkowy"
},
{
"lang": "Russe",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "первоначальный"
},
{
"lang": "Same du Nord",
"lang_code": "se",
"word": "originála"
},
{
"lang": "Tchèque",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "počáteční"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamien",
"lang_code": "vi",
"word": "ban đầu"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Adjectifs en allemand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en allemand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Allemand",
"orig": "allemand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "non comparable",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "non comparable",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"translation": "constitutif",
"word": "konstitutiv"
},
{
"translation": "spécifique à une période",
"word": "zeitspezifisch"
}
],
"lang": "Allemand",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "Adjectif",
"related": [
{
"translation": "introductif",
"word": "einleitend"
},
{
"translation": "proactif », « initiatif",
"word": "initiativ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en allemand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Termes didactiques en allemand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Mein initialer guter Eindruck hat sich bestätigt.",
"translation": "Ma bonne impression initiale a été confirmée."
},
{
"ref": "Brigitte Fankhauser / Roger Lehmann, Christoph Henzen, Emanuel Christ, « Behandlungsstrategie des Typ-2-Diabetes », dans d-journal – diabetesschweiz / diabètesuisse / diabetesvizzera, 7 mars 2019 https://www.d-journal.ch/uebriges-keine/behandlungsstrategie-des-typ-2-diabetes texte intégral",
"text": "Es ist sehr motivierend, zeigen zu können, dass der Blutzucker ohne Medikamente «nur» durch gesunde Ernährung und erhöhte körperliche Aktivität deutlich gesenkt werden kann. Deshalb ist ein initialer Versuch über drei bis sechs Monate mit Lifestyle-Veränderungen unbedingt zu befürworten, bevor Medikamente eingesetzt werden.",
"translation": "Il est très motivant de pouvoir montrer que la glycémie peut être réduite sans médicaments « uniquement » par une alimentation saine et une activité physique accrue. C’est pourquoi une tentative initiale de trois à six mois avec des changements de style de vie doit absolument être préconisée avant l’introduction de médicaments."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initial."
],
"id": "fr-initial-de-adj-cT1lJmKh",
"raw_tags": [
"Didactique"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
{
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anfänglich"
},
{
"word": "beginnend"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en anglais issus d’un mot en latin",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin initialis (« primitif, primordial »)."
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "Adjectif",
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{
"categories": [
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After an initial false start, everything went well.",
"translation": "Après un faux départ initial, tout alla bien."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initial."
],
"id": "fr-initial-en-adj-cT1lJmKh"
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
{
"ipa": "\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əl\\"
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"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en anglais issus d’un mot en latin",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin initialis (« primitif, primordial »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "initials",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əlz\\"
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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"categories": [
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The initials of the project formed an unsatisfactory acronym.",
"translation": "Les initiales du projet formaient un acronyme insatisfaisant."
},
{
"text": "He has the initials JFK, just like John F. Kennedy.",
"translation": "Ses initiales sont J.F.K., tout comme pour John F. Kennedy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initiale."
],
"id": "fr-initial-en-noun-5CWnPs6X"
}
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"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
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],
"etymology_texts": [
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],
"forms": [
{
"form": "to initial",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əl\\"
],
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "initials",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əlz\\"
],
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əld\\"
],
"tags": [
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əld\\"
],
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialing",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.lɪŋ\\"
],
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "Verbe",
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"categories": [
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He initialed the document in all three places, as requested.",
"translation": "Il parapha le document aux trois endroits, comme demandé."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Parapher."
],
"id": "fr-initial-en-verb-zyWJ7aCr"
}
],
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"forms": [
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "non comparable",
"tags": [
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],
"hypernyms": [
{
"translation": "constitutif",
"word": "konstitutiv"
},
{
"translation": "spécifique à une période",
"word": "zeitspezifisch"
}
],
"lang": "Allemand",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "Adjectif",
"related": [
{
"translation": "introductif",
"word": "einleitend"
},
{
"translation": "proactif », « initiatif",
"word": "initiativ"
}
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"senses": [
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"examples": [
{
"text": "Mein initialer guter Eindruck hat sich bestätigt.",
"translation": "Ma bonne impression initiale a été confirmée."
},
{
"ref": "Brigitte Fankhauser / Roger Lehmann, Christoph Henzen, Emanuel Christ, « Behandlungsstrategie des Typ-2-Diabetes », dans d-journal – diabetesschweiz / diabètesuisse / diabetesvizzera, 7 mars 2019 https://www.d-journal.ch/uebriges-keine/behandlungsstrategie-des-typ-2-diabetes texte intégral",
"text": "Es ist sehr motivierend, zeigen zu können, dass der Blutzucker ohne Medikamente «nur» durch gesunde Ernährung und erhöhte körperliche Aktivität deutlich gesenkt werden kann. Deshalb ist ein initialer Versuch über drei bis sechs Monate mit Lifestyle-Veränderungen unbedingt zu befürworten, bevor Medikamente eingesetzt werden.",
"translation": "Il est très motivant de pouvoir montrer que la glycémie peut être réduite sans médicaments « uniquement » par une alimentation saine et une activité physique accrue. C’est pourquoi une tentative initiale de trois à six mois avec des changements de style de vie doit absolument être préconisée avant l’introduction de médicaments."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initial."
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"raw_tags": [
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"word": "initial"
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"text": "After an initial false start, everything went well.",
"translation": "Après un faux départ initial, tout alla bien."
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],
"glosses": [
"Initial."
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"ipa": "ɪˈnɪʃ.əl",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Berrely-initial.wav"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
"Lemmes en anglais",
"Mots en anglais issus d’un mot en latin",
"Noms communs en anglais",
"anglais"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin initialis (« primitif, primordial »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "initials",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əlz\\"
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en anglais"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The initials of the project formed an unsatisfactory acronym.",
"translation": "Les initiales du projet formaient un acronyme insatisfaisant."
},
{
"text": "He has the initials JFK, just like John F. Kennedy.",
"translation": "Ses initiales sont J.F.K., tout comme pour John F. Kennedy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initiale."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əl\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əl\\"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-initial.ogg",
"ipa": "ɪˈnɪʃ.əl",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-initial.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"États-Unis"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Berrely-initial.wav",
"ipa": "ɪˈnɪʃ.əl",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Berrely-initial.wav"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
"Lemmes en anglais",
"Mots en anglais issus d’un mot en latin",
"Verbes en anglais",
"anglais"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin initialis (« primitif, primordial »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "to initial",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əl\\"
],
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "initials",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əlz\\"
],
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əld\\"
],
"tags": [
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əld\\"
],
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialing",
"ipas": [
"\\ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.lɪŋ\\"
],
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "Verbe",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en anglais"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He initialed the document in all three places, as requested.",
"translation": "Il parapha le document aux trois endroits, comme demandé."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Parapher."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əl\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ɪˈnɪʃ.əl\\"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-initial.ogg",
"ipa": "ɪˈnɪʃ.əl",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-initial.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"États-Unis"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Berrely-initial.wav",
"ipa": "ɪˈnɪʃ.əl",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Berrely-initial.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Berrely-initial.wav"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "final"
}
],
"categories": [
"Adjectifs en français",
"Lemmes en français",
"Mots en français issus d’un mot en latin",
"Traductions en anglais",
"Traductions en espagnol",
"Traductions en ido",
"Traductions en polonais",
"Traductions en russe",
"Traductions en same du Nord",
"Traductions en tchèque",
"Traductions en vietnamien",
"français"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"word": "initialement"
},
{
"word": "initialité"
},
{
"word": "situation initiale"
},
{
"word": "unité de fabrication initiale"
},
{
"word": "unité initiale"
},
{
"word": "vitesse initiale"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin initialis (« primitif, primordial »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiaux",
"ipas": [
"\\i.ni.sjo\\"
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"ipas": [
"\\i.ni.sjal\\"
],
"tags": [
"singular",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
"ipas": [
"\\i.ni.sjal\\"
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "Adjectif",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "L’entreprise fut compromise par une erreur initiale."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Qui est au commencement, qui marque le commencement d’une chose."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Albert Deshayes, Les noms de famille bretons, dans Revue française de Généalogie, N° spécial Noms de familles, 2e sem.2010, note page 47",
"text": "L'aphérèse est la chute de la lettre ou de la consonne initiale d'un mot. En anthroponymie, elle se montre au niveau de Abeuzen qui devient Beuzen, Abiven qui se réduit en Biven, Nicolas à Colas."
},
{
"text": "La lettre initiale d’un nom propre est toujours une majuscule."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Qualifie les lettres, les syllabes qui commencent un mot."
],
"tags": [
"especially"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Qualifie la lettre qui commence un livre, un chapitre ; elle est ordinairement plus grande que les majuscules du texte, et quelquefois accompagnée d’ornements."
],
"raw_tags": [
"Calligraphie & Imprimerie"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français",
"Lexique en français de la chasse",
"Lexique en français de la mécanique",
"Lexique en français de la physique",
"Lexique en français du militaire"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "La vitesse initiale d’un obus, d'une balle, etc."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Qualifie la vitesse d’un mobile au commencement de sa course, par exemple d’un projectile au sortir de l’arme."
],
"tags": [
"physical"
],
"topics": [
"hunting",
"mechanical",
"military"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\i.ni.sjal\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\i.ni.sjal\\"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Lyon)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"word": "komencala"
},
{
"lang": "Polonais",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "początkowy"
},
{
"lang": "Russe",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "первоначальный"
},
{
"lang": "Same du Nord",
"lang_code": "se",
"word": "originála"
},
{
"lang": "Tchèque",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "počáteční"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamien",
"lang_code": "vi",
"word": "ban đầu"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
Download raw JSONL data for initial meaning in All languages combined (10.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-05 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.